Early‑brooding behaviour in partridge‑coloured day‑old chicks. The brown, dorsally striped chicks represent Gallus gallus domesticus strain with wild‑type down patterns; in this case they are so-called "partridge-coloured" day‑old chicks. The pale yellow chicks are likely broiler‑type or white‑feathered layer lines. The birds are approximately 2–3 days old, as indicated by their down coverage, posture, and the absence of feather eruption. Tight clustering around the central feeder reflects strong feeding motivation but may also indicate mild cold stress, as chicks at an optimal temperature distribute more evenly. Bedding consists of chopped straw (ideal length is 4–5 cm); the material shown is acceptable but longer than optimal. A shallow round tray feeder is suitable for the first 48–72 hours but must be kept very clean to prevent faecal contamination; transitioning to a standard chick feeder reduces waste and contamination risk.